Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI) Practice Exam

What is an example of a relationship between lead and lag indicators concerning patient satisfaction?

1. Increased attendance at meetings results in better patient care

2. As more RNs cancel shifts, patient satisfaction scores decrease

3. Higher participation in surveys leads to improved patient trust

4. More training for staff directly improves patient outcomes

The correct answer is: As more RNs cancel shifts, patient satisfaction scores decrease

The relationship between lead and lag indicators concerning patient satisfaction is effectively illustrated by recognizing that as more registered nurses (RNs) cancel shifts, there is a corresponding decrease in patient satisfaction scores. In this scenario, the cancellation of shifts by RNs serves as a lead indicator because it indicates an impending risk to the quality of care patients will receive. When RNs have to cancel their shifts, it typically results in a shortage of staff on the floor where patient care is delivered. This can lead to increased workloads for remaining staff, reduced attention and time available for each patient, and ultimately may contribute to lower levels of care. The lag indicator in this case is the patient satisfaction scores, which reflect the outcomes of care experienced by patients after the shifts were canceled. A decline in these scores showcases the direct impact that staffing levels have on patient experiences and perceptions. Therefore, this choice captures the dynamic interaction between the indicators effectively: a negative trend in a lead indicator (RN shift cancellations) precedes and forecasts a negative outcome in a lag indicator (patient satisfaction scores). This relationship underscores the importance of monitoring lead indicators to anticipate and improve outcomes related to patient care and satisfaction. It highlights how changes in staff availability can be predictive of future patient experiences, thereby